9.8.2 Water
Description
This article is from the Gasoline FAQ, by Bruce Hamilton with numerous contributions by others.
9.8.2 Water
As water-gasoline fuels have been extensively investigated [113,129],
interested potential investors may wish to refer to those papers for some
background. Mr.Gunnerman advocates hydrocarbon/water emulsion fuels and
promoted his A-55 fuel before the new A-21. A recent article claims a 29%
gain in fuel economy [130], and he claims that mixing water with naphtha
can provide as much power from an IC engine as the same flow rate of
gasoline. He claims the increased efficiency is from catalysed dissociation
of A-21 into H2 in the engine, because the combustion chamber of the test
engines contain a "non-reactive" catalyst. For his fuel to provide power
increases, he has to utilise heat energy that is normally lost. A-21 is just
naphtha ( effectively unleaded gasoline without oxygenates ) and water
( about 55% ), with small amouts of winterizing and anti-corrosive additives.
If the magic catalyst is not present, conventional IC engines will not
perform as efficiently, and may possibly be damaged if A-21 is used. The
only modification is a new set of spark plugs, and it is also claimed that
the fuel can replace both diesel and gasoline.
It has been claimed that test results of A-21 fuel emissions have shown
significant reductions in CO2 ( 50% claimed - who is surprised when the fuel
is 55% water? :-) ), CO, HCs, NOx and a 70% reduction in diesel particulates
and smoke. It's claimed that 70% of the exhaust stream consists of water
vapour. He has formed a joint venture company with Caterpillar called
Advanced Fuels. U.S. patent #5,156,114 ( Aqueous Fuel for Internal Combustion
Engines and Combustion Method ) was granted to Mr.Gunnerman in 1992.
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