This article is from the Audio Professional FAQ, by with numerous contributions by Gabe M. Wiener others.
Forensic audio is audio services for legal applications. Forensics
breaks down into four main categories.
TAPE ENHANCEMENT: Digital and analog processing to restore
verbal clarity and make tapes easier to understand in a courtroom
situation.
AUTHENTICITY: Electronic and physical microscopic examination
of a tape to prove that it has not been tampered with, altered,
or otherwise changed from its original state. Another common
authenticity challenge is to determine whether a given was tape
was indeed made on a given machine.
VOICE IDENTIFICATION: Voice ID, or voiceprinting, is the science
that attempts to determine what was said, and by whom. A variety
of analog and digital analysis processes are used to analyze the
frequency and amplitude characteristics of a human voice and
compare it against known samples.
[More to come on this] [Gabe]
 
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