This article is from the soc.culture.australian FAQ, by Stephen Wales with numerous contributions by others.
[AT] Australia's plants and wildlife are very different to any other
continent. This stems from Australia's long isolation and the climatic
conditions during this isolation. Australia's isolation began as
Gondwanaland began to break up a 150 million years ago. Up to about 60
million years ago a journey was possible Australia to South America
through Antartica. Then came a period of almost complete isolation as
Australia. drifted north. In the last 10 million years a sea journey
from Asia has became easier but even the island hopping of very recent
immigrants like man would have involved a sea journey of at least 50km.
 
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