This article is from the Apple II GNO FAQ, by Devin Reade with numerous contributions by others.
A#10.1: Since GNO is not language-specific, it doesn't really matter. From a practical stand point though, either assembly or C tend to be the languages of choice. Both have their strengths and weaknesses. Assembly can be more efficient but in general requires more time to program and more attention to detail. Much of the available UNIX source code is in C. Using C can result in a quicker development cycle and more portable code, but it often results in a slower program. A big part of the decision is dependent on which language you already know. If you are comfortable in one, stick with it until you need to try something else. If you know neither, then the decision becomes religious -- ie: there is no correct answer, and the response you get will depend on whom you ask. Some people have also successfully used Pascal for GNO programming, although it is not as suited to GNO as is C or assembly. If you program in C, the only realistic choice for a compiler is Byte Works' ORCA/C. As of v2.1.0, it is relatively bug free and close to ANSI-compliant. If you program in assembler, Byte Works' ORCA/M is recommended. Merlin-8/16 (by Roger Wagner) is also reputed to be suitable (although not as common).
 
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