Rose Gardening FAQ

01 Welcome

Welcome to The Rose FAQ, a collection of six informative articles ...

02 Why won't my rose bloom?

Here are some of the reasons that roses don't bloom....

03 How much sun do roses need?

Roses prefer a full day of sun. Give roses at least 6 hours of direct sun ...

04 Which roses can be grown in shade?

Many Hybrid Musks and some Albas can tolerate partial shade. A few ...

05 How much water do roses need?

Roses appreciate lots of water. Water generously, at least 1 inch/week,...

06 How do I deadhead roses?

Deadheading is cutting off flowers as they wither or don't look as good. ...

07 How do I prune roses?

There are three main purposes to be accomplished when pruning roses....

08 How do I protect my rose bushes during the winter?

Local advice is preferred for this question, but here are some ...

09 My rose has black spots on the leaves, what do I do?

Blackspot is a fungus that causes black spots about 1/16 to 1/2 inches ...

10 How do I avoid powdery mildew on roses?

This fungus forms a powdery white or grayish coating on the upper surface ...

11 How do I get rid of aphids on roses?

Aphids are tiny insects about a 1/16 to 1/8 inches long, usually ...

12 What is eating holes in the leaves of my rose?

Leaf cutter bees cut semi-circle shaped holes in the leaves of roses. ...

13 Which is the most fragrant rose?

Here is a list of some very fragrant roses as recommended by posts to ...

14 What kind of rose do I have?

When posting this question to the newsgroup, include as much ...

15 Are there any Blue roses?

Though highly sought after, no blue roses exist yet. Some roses ...

16 Are there any Black roses?

No true black roses exist. Some roses sold as black roses are actually ...

17 What are David Austin roses or English roses?

In 1969, English Roses, often called David Austin Roses, were introduced ...

18 How do I propagate roses?

There are two primary ways to propagate roses. Asexual reproduction ...

19 What is an ARS rating?

An ARS (American Rose Society) rating is a yearly rating from 1(worst) ...

20 Rose gardening related abbreviations:

Here are some commonly used abbreviations used when discussing roses:...

21 Rose Gardening: aphids:

Aphids are tiny insects about a 1/16 to 1/8 inches long, usually ...

22 Rose Gardening: black roses:

No true black roses exist. Some roses sold as black roses are actually ...

23 Rose Gardening: blackspot:

Blackspot is a fungus that causes black spots about 1/16 to 1/2 inches ...

24 Rose Gardening: blue roses:

Though highly sought after, no blue roses exist yet. Some roses ...

25 Rose Gardening: borers:

Can enter the cane through the pruned tops. Prevented by sealing the ...

26 Rose Gardening: bud-pinching:

When a Floribunda forms a bloom spike or candelabra - it is setting ...

27 Rose Gardening: cut roses:

Cut flowers in early morning or after it rains, not when they are ...

28 Rose Gardening: deadheading:

(see also hips: )...

29 Rose Gardening: fertilizer:

Use a high Phosphorous fertilizer such as 5-10-5, 8-12-4 or 4-12-4,...

30 Rose Gardening: fragrance:

Fragrance contributes much to the enjoyment of roses. It is also one of ...

31 Rose Gardening: fungus:

Blackspot, powdery mildew and rust are the three most common fungus ...

32 Rose Gardening: hips:

(see also deadheading: )...

33 Rose Gardening: Hybrid Teas: (abbrev. HT)

Hybrid Teas are easily the most popular class of roses today. Hybrid Teas ...

34 Rose Gardening: Japanese Beetles:

A shiny copper green beetle that can eat entire flowers as well as foliage....

35 Rose Gardening: leaf cutters:

Leaf cutter bees cut semi-circle shaped holes in the leaves of roses. ...

36 Rose Gardening: mail-order suppliers:

There is a whole section of the FAQ devoted to this, see part 3/6 of ...

37 Rose Gardening: mites:

Spider mites are a tiny arachnid that appear like dust under the leaves....

38 Rose Gardening: Modern Roses:

Refers to roses introduced since 1867 when the first Hybrid Tea was created....

39 Rose Gardening: mulch:

Roses benefit from a 2-3 inch deep organic mulch such as pine bark, ...

40 Rose Gardening: Old Roses: ( abbrev. OR, OGR, see also English Roses: , Modern Roses: )

Sometimes called Old Roses, Old-fashioned Roses or Antique Roses, these ...

41 Rose Gardening: once blooming: (see also repeat blooming: )

Roses that bloom once a year, usually in the spring. Since, they bloom ...

42 Rose Gardening: own-root roses:

An own-root rose is a plant whose rootstock (the roots) is the same ...

43 Rose Gardening: patented roses:

A rose variety may be patented just like any other plant. A patent grants ...

44 Rose Gardening: Peace:

Peace is the most popular rose in the world. It is a Hybrid Tea that ...

45 Rose Gardening: planting:

Bare-root: Roses that are shipped in their dormant state with no foliage....

46 Rose Gardening: powdery mildew:

This fungus forms a powdery white or grayish coating on the upper surface ...

47 Rose Gardening: pruning:

There are three main purposes to be accomplished when pruning roses....

48 Rose Gardening: repeat blooming:

(see also once blooming: )...

49 Rose Gardening: rust:

This fungus is manifest by rust-colored spots on the underside of leaves ...

50 Rose Gardening: shade:

Roses prefer a full day of sun. Give roses at least 6 hours of direct sun ...

51 Rose Gardening: soil:

Roses like rich, well-drained soil. Raised beds are ideal. Roses prefer a ...

52 Rose Gardening: suckers:

A sucker is a cane that starts from below the bud union. On grafted roses,...

53 Rose Gardening: thrips:

Thrips are tiny insects that do cosmetic damage to roses by ruining ...

54 Rose Gardening: virus:

There are several types of virus that affect roses, but the most common ...

55 Rose Gardening: water:

Roses appreciate lots of water. Water generously, at least 1 inch/week,...

56 Rose Gardening: winter protection:

Local advice is preferred for this question, but here are some ...

57 Mail-order Suppliers of Rose Products

Email updates to: kbaldwin@veribest.com ....

58 Rose Nurseries: A-B

ABBY ROSE

59 Rose Nurseries: C-E

CARROLL

60 Rose Nurseries: G

GEORGES

61 Rose Nurseries: H

HARDY ROSES FOR THE ...

62 Rose Nurseries: I-L

INGRAHAM'S COTTAGE GARDEN ...

63 Rose Nurseries: M-N

MARTHA S. DAVIES ANTIQUE ...

64 Rose Nurseries: P

PEPINIERE

65 Rose Nurseries: R

ROSENGAERTNEREI ...

66 Rose Nurseries: S

SEQUOIA

67 Rose Nurseries: T-V

TATE ROSE

68 Rose Nurseries: W

WAYSIDE

69 Old Roses: Introduction.

The Hybrid Tea Roses, accompanied at length by the Floribunda ...

70 Old Roses: General History.

Various wild roses grow throughout the Northern Hemisphere in ...

71 Old Roses: Gallica Roses.

These are selections bred from the French Rose, R. gallica. A ...

72 Old Roses: Alba Roses.

As is so often the case with roses, the precise origin of the ...

73 Old Roses: Damask Roses.

Damask Roses are supposed to be from a hybridization between R. ...

74 Old Roses: Centifolia Roses.

The genetic background of the much-beloved Centifolia roses is ...

75 Old Roses: Centifolia Mosses.

These roses, originally a sport of the Centifolia, bear on ...

76 Old Roses: Centifolia Pompons.

There are also several Centifolias which are to a greater or ...

77 Old Roses: Agathe Roses.

One of the least-known groups, Agathes are seemingly complex ...

78 Old Roses: Turbinata Roses.

The Turbinatas result from a cross called R. X francofurtana (...

79 Old Roses: Rubiginosa Roses.

The Rubiginosa or Sweetbriar rose is a tall-growing rose ...

80 Old Roses: Canina Roses.

The Canina or Dog Rose is closely related to the above, lacking ...

81 Old Roses: Hemispherica Roses.

Will the day of R. hemispherica ever come? Or is it already past? ...

82 Old Roses: Foetida Roses.

R. foetida has long attracted the attention of horticulturists ...

83 Old Roses: Pimpinellifolia Roses (including Spinosissima).

These roses are extremely hardy, have attractive foliage with ...

84 Old Roses: Boursault Roses.

The Boursaults are of the scandent or climbing habit, and ...

85 Old Roses: Sempervirens Roses.

R. sempervirens is a climbing species from the Mediterranean area ...

86 Old Roses: Setigera Roses.

R. setigera is a tough, hardy native of the American prairies, and ...

87 Old Roses: Wichuraiana Roses.

R. wichuraiana is a wide-spreading cluster-flowered climber/...

88 Old Roses: Multiflora Roses.

Though a few Multiflora climbers had been produced early in the ...

89 Old Roses: Damask Perpetual Roses.

This group was the only repeat-blooming one known to the ...

90 Old Roses: China Roses.

Chinas--selectively bred from R. chinensis--had been grown in ...

91 Old Roses: Tea Roses.

Teas are so called because many discern in their blossoms the scent ...

92 Old Roses: Bourbon Roses.

Bourbon Roses are named for the Ile Bourbon, now called Reunion, in ...

93 Old Roses: Noisette Roses.

Just after 1800, John Champneys of Charleston, South Carolina, ...

94 Old Roses: Hybrid China, Hybrid Bourbon, Hybrid Noisette Roses.

These crosses between Chinas, Bourbons, Noisettes, and the old ...

95 Old Roses: Hybrid Perpetual Roses.

As the breeding work continued in the late 1820's with the ...

96 Old Roses: Old Hybrid Tea Roses.

Ah, me. Here one is, a breeder in, say, the late 1860's, trying ...

97 Old Roses: Pernetiana Roses.

Though the new HT's had definite yellow tinges from their ...

98 Old Roses: Mossy Remontants.

While the HP's were getting underway in the 1830's and 1840's, ...

99 Old Roses: Polyantha Roses.

In 1869, Guillot fils of Lyon, France, sowed seed from R. ...

100 Old Roses: Rugosa Roses.

Rugosa roses are those derived from the thorny Japanese rose R. rugosa,...

101 Old Roses: Miscellaneous Roses.

There are many small groups of roses we cannot cover here due ...

102 Old Roses: Middle Aged Roses.

Increasingly without a home are the very beautiful Hybrid Teas ...

103 Old Roses: Current Questions/Activities in the Field.

There are many questions in the field of Old Roses relating ...

104 Old Roses: Organizations.

There are a number of organizations which would be of interest ...

105 Old Roses: Nurseries.

We alas cannot list all old rose nurseries, and do not wish to seem ...

106 Old Roses: Books.

All books published on this subject should be examined with ...

107 Introduction to Modern Roses

Hybrid Teas, Floribundas and Grandifloras are the common roses of the ...

108 Modern Roses: How We Got Where We Are

The early crosses between Teas and Hybrid Perpetuals, Chinas and Bourbons,...

109 Modern Roses: Hybrid Teas

Breeders during the last third of the 19th century were all trying to ...

110 Modern Roses: Floribundas

These roses, descended from Polyantha and Hybrid Tea crosses were ...

111 Modern Roses: Grandifloras

The Grandiflora is a manufactured class--the class was invented for ...

112 Modern Roses: Color

Before the Modern Roses, yellow was only known in some of the old ...

113 Modern Roses: Current Questions/Activities in Modern Roses

Hardiness - R. wichuraiana crosses were made to introduce hardiness into ...

114 Modern Roses: Organizations

American Rose ...

115 Modern Roses: Publications

The American Rose ...

116 English Roses: Intro

Written by Bill Chandler, chandler@onr.com ....

117 What are English Roses?

English Roses, often called David Austin Roses, are a group of roses ...

118 What is causing the interest in English Roses?

Interest in English Roses might be attributed to several of ...

119 What are some popular varieties of English Roses to try growing?

Those who haven't planted English Roses before may want to try one of ...

120 What are some newer varieties of English Roses to look forward to?

Here are some of the recently introduced varieties of English Roses ...

121 What is a good red English Rose?

David Austin has had mixed success until recently breeding red roses. ...

122 What kind of care do English Roses need?

The care of English Roses is similar to that of Modern Roses with ...

123 What are some of the problems with English Roses?

I do not wish to give the impression that all English roses are ...

124 What is the genealogy of English Roses?

When he was an amateur hybridizer, David Austin crossed the Gallica '...

125 How do I find out more about English Roses?

S. Andrew Schulman has an excellent WWW home page with some beautiful ...

126 FAQ contributors

The FAQ is compiled and posted by Bill Chandler at chandler@onr.com . ...

127 Disclaimer/Copyright

This disclaimer applies to all parts of the FAQ. The FAQ articles ...